Teaching–learning and work-based learning conditions in Thailand's EEF provincial TVET model

Information from the abstract

This study examined teaching–learning and work-based learning (WBL) conditions under the Provincial Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Model implemented by Thailand's Equitable Education Fund (EEF), hereafter referred to as the EEF Provincial TVET Model. A quantitative-led explanatory mixed-methods design was employed with 61 scholarship students and 11 instructors from six vocational institutions across three provinces. Student responses were analyzed using ordinal descriptive statistics, direction-harmonized domain scores, Pearson correlations with Spearman sensitivity analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA). Instructor responses were analyzed descriptively, while structured field notes from focused semi-structured interviews were examined through descriptive thematic categorization. Students receiving support through the program reported generally favorable living conditions, low immediate stress, and moderate-to-strong support. Moderate positive associations were observed between living conditions and adaptation (r = 0.60), lower stress and lower personal risk (r = 0.67), engagement and adaptation (r = 0.48), and adaptation and support (r = 0.46), with substantively similar Spearman results. The first two PCA components explained 64.9% of the variance and were interpreted as exploratory patterns. Instructor ratings were generally favorable across competency, curriculum, teaching, assessment, and learning-environment indicators. Interview field notes recorded concerns relating to family debt, mental health support, curriculum alignment, competency-based assessment, and perceived needs to strengthen WBL. Overall, the study provides context-specific evidence on student learning and support conditions, instructor-rated competency and curriculum patterns, and priorities for strengthening WBL implementation within the EEF Provincial TVET Model.

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Related topics: Vocational and Entrepreneurial Education · Vocational Education and Training · Education Systems and Policy