Information from the abstract
Abstract A magnetically recoverable Fe3O4@γ-chitosan-gallic acid (Fe3O4@Chi-GA) nanocomposite was engineered as a sustainable bioadsorbent for Pb(II) removal from complex environmental and consumer matrices. The material was synthesized via sequential surface functionalization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with γ-chitosan and gallic acid, introducing abundant oxygen- and nitrogen-containing functional groups to enhance metal binding affinity. Comprehensive characterization (FTIR, XRD, TG/DTG, TEM, EDS, DLS, and BET) confirmed successful fabrication and favorable physicochemical properties. Ultrasound-assisted adsorption was employed to intensify mass transfer and reduce equilibrium time. The operating conditions governing Pb(II) adsorption were optimized through response surface methodology (RSM) employing a central composite design (CCD). At the optimized conditions of 0.02 g adsorbent, 50 °C, 10 min of sonication, and pH 5, an equilibrium adsorption capacity (qe) of 16.91 mg g–1 was obtained. Equilibrium data were most appropriately fitted by the Langmuir model, which yielded a maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) of 19.72 mg g–1 and indicated predominantly monolayer adsorption. Moreover, the pseudo-second-order model provided a strong fit to the kinetic data (R2 = 0.9861), implying that chemical interactions contributed substantially to the adsorption process. Thermodynamic analysis further revealed that Pb(II) uptake was spontaneous and endothermic. Importantly, the nanocomposite demonstrated rapid magnetic separation, structural stability, and reusability over six cycles with minimal performance loss. Application to real samples, including beverages, cosmetic products, and wastewater, resulted in Pb(II) removal efficiencies of 75.92–85.40%, highlighting robustness against matrix interference. These findings demonstrate the potential of Fe3O4@Chi-GA as an efficient, reusable, and scalable adsorbent for ultrasound-enhanced heavy metal removal in complex systems.
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Related topics: Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal · Environmental remediation with nanomaterials · Coagulation and Flocculation Studies
Thai researcher and institutional participation
Banpot Klinpratoom · Pattareeya Chaisaowong · Phitchan Sricharoen · Jintapat Nateewattana · Woravith Chansuvarn · Tanutta Amnuaywattanakul · Paisan Kanthang · Anchana Kuttiyawong · Sakchai Laksee · Wilasinee Kingkam · Titiya Meechai · Prawit Nuengmatcha · Kawin Lertlaokul · Nunticha Limchoowong · Srinakharinwirot University · Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon · Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology · Bangkokthonburi University · Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University
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