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WHO estimates of the global, regional, and national burden of 42 foodborne infectious and chemical hazards, 2000-21: an updated data synthesis

The WHO's updated data synthesis assessed the burden of 42 foodborne pathogens and chemicals, covering 194 countries, and involved researchers from Khon Kaen University on an international panel.

Banchob SripaKhon Kaen University

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In-depth research analyses

Source-verified editorial analyses, ordered by latest publication date

1,027 analyses

multidisciplinary71IMPACT SIGNAL

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Treatment Outcomes among People Living with HIV in Thailand: A Nested Case-control Study

Background The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted global healthcare systems, significantly affecting HIV service delivery and outcomes. This study evaluated the pandemic’s impact on HIV care among people living with HIV (PLWH). Methods A nested case-control study was conducted within a cohort of PLWH attending an infectious disease clinic. Participants were included if medical records were available from January 2021 to December 2022. The primary outcome was achieving an undetectable HIV viral load. Participants were categorized into “missed appointment” and “non-missed appointment” groups. Results Among 615 PLWH, 304 were in the missed appointment group and 311 in the non-missed group. Those who missed appointments were younger (mean age 46 vs. 49 years, p < 0.001) and had a higher prevalence of opportunistic infections (47% vs. 36%, p < 0.001). They also reported more missed antiretroviral doses (5.3% vs. 0%, p < 0.001), greater reliance on telemedicine (17.4% vs. 4.5%, p < 0.001), and greater impacts from COVID-19 on healthcare access, family circumstances, daily activities, and finances (p < 0.001). Post-pandemic, this group had a lower rate of viral suppression (92.4% vs. 97.1%, p = 0.009), although no significant difference was observed in opportunistic infection incidence (1.7% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.089). Factors associated with missed appointments included prior opportunistic infections (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.42–2.92), reduced healthcare accessibility (OR 3.32, 95% CI 2.18–5.04), family-related challenges (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.37–2.84), and telemedicine use (OR 3.65, 95% CI 1.88–7.09). Older age was associated with fewer missed appointments (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.69–0.93). Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted HIV care in Thailand, leading to reduced viral suppression…

Thai researchers

multidisciplinary71IMPACT SIGNAL

Disinfection-Induced Changes in Color Stability, Microhardness, and Surface Roughness of Conventional and CAD-CAM Occlusal Devices: An In Vitro Study

Objective: Disinfection protocols are essential for maintaining hygiene in occlusal devices, yet they may compromise material properties, affecting clinical performance. The influence of different disinfectants across various material types remains insufficiently understood. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of disinfectants, material types, and their interactions on changes in color stability (∆E), Vickers microhardness (∆VHN), and surface roughness (∆Ra) of occlusal devices, with the goal of informing evidence-based disinfection protocols for long-term maintenance. Materials and Methods: A total of 168 specimens were fabricated from six occlusal device materials: self-cured (SC), heat-cured (HC), two milled (ML-A, ML-B), and two 3D-printed (3D-A, 3D-B) types. Specimens were aged in distilled water at 37 °C for 45 days and assigned to daily 15-minute conditions of dry storage (control) or immersion in liquid soap (LS), chlorhexidine (CHX), or denture cleanser (DC). Color stability, Vickers microhardness, and surface roughness were measured before and after immersion, and ΔE, ΔVHN, and ΔRa were calculated to determine the changes. Statistical Analysis: < 0.05. Results: < 0.05). ML-A, 3D-A, and 3D-B showed greater discoloration (higher ∆E), particularly after immersion in LS and CHX. SC, 3D-A, and 3D-B materials immersed in CHX and DC demonstrated increased microhardness (higher ΔVHN), while HC, ML-A, and ML-B materials showed minimal change or slight softening. Surface roughness alterations were minimal (low ΔRa) and remained within clinically acceptable limits. Conclusion: Certain disinfectants increased discoloration and microhardness in a material-dependent manner, whereas surface roughness showed no clinically relevant change. Clinicians should tailor…

Thai researchers

multidisciplinary71IMPACT SIGNAL

Fortified Thong-Att products with silkworm pupae and water lily peduncle powders using response surface methodology and principal component analysis

Abstract The aim of this study was to develop fortified Thong-Att products, a traditional Thai dessert, by incorporating silkworm pupae powder and water lily peduncle powder to modestly improve estimated nutritional values while maintaining acceptable sensory quality. Silkworm pupae provide an alternative protein source, whereas water lily peduncles contribute dietary fibre. An exploratory simplex-lattice mixture design with five formulations (silkworm pupae powder 1-3%, water lily peduncle powder 1-3%) was applied to compare formulations. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used for trend visualisation, and multivariate analyses (Principal Component Analysis and Partial Least Square Regression) were applied to explore relationships among physical properties, sensory attributes, and software-estimated nutritional composition. The formulation containing 3% silkworm pupae powder and 1% water lily peduncle powder showed the highest estimated protein content (4.76 g/100 g) and the highest scores for texture and overall acceptability among fortified samples, whereas the formulation with the highest water lily peduncle powder content exhibited the greatest estimated dietary fibre (1.37 g/100 g). Multivariate analyses revealed an inverse relationship between estimated nutritional enhancement and overall acceptability, likely associated with increased hardness and water activity. Consumer testing ( ; predominantly 21-25 years) indicated general acceptance and willingness to purchase, though generalisability is limited. Overall, the results demonstrate the feasibility of moderately fortifying traditional desserts using insect-based protein and plant-derived fibre while highlighting the trade-off between nutritional enhancement and sensory acceptability.

Thai researchers

engineering70IMPACT SIGNAL

Bio-Composite Scaffold–Augmented Achilles Tendon Reconstruction After Tendon Lengthening and Debridement

Achilles tendon contracture and chronic tendinopathy are common disorders encountered in orthopaedic practice and may lead to persistent pain, impaired plantarflexion strength, and diminished functional performance if inadequately treated. Surgical management often requires tendon lengthening and debridement; however, extensive debridement may compromise the remaining tendon tissue and limit the quality of reconstruction. Biologic augmentation has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance tendon healing and restore structural integrity in a variety of musculoskeletal applications. BioBrace® (CONMED, New Haven, CT) is a biocomposite scaffold composed of highly porous type I collagen integrated with bioresorbable poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) microfilaments. The scaffold is designed to provide immediate mechanical reinforcement while serving as a three-dimensional matrix that supports cellular infiltration and organized tissue regeneration during gradual bioresorption. This article describes a reproducible surgical technique for Achilles tendon reconstruction using BioBrace® augmentation following tendon lengthening and debridement. In addition, we present the preliminary clinical outcomes of a pilot cohort treated with this technique. Early follow-up demonstrated favorable clinical improvement without implant-related complications or other adverse events. Finally, the potential advantages, technical considerations, and limitations of this reconstruction method are discussed to facilitate appropriate patient selection and surgical decision-making.

Thai researchers

multidisciplinary70IMPACT SIGNAL

THE METAMORPHOSIS OF SACRED SPACE AND REGIONAL LEGITIMACY AT THE SIHANADA STUPA( HIRR-2026-0011)

This institutional research monograph presents a systematic, cross-disciplinary synthesis of the trans-regional transmission, material preservation, and epigraphic documentation of tradition-associated Buddha tooth relics across early Asian geopolitical domains. Moving beyond the conventional dichotomy that treats historical chronicles and empirical archaeology as mutually exclusive categories, this study establishes an advanced paradigm of mutual complementarity under the Integrated Relic Custodianship Model (IRCM). The primary research focus addresses the structural variance between early canonical Theravāda texts—which limit the primary somatic tooth remains to four canine units (dāṭhā)—and over two centuries of systematic archaeological excavations that have uncovered a multiplicity of contextually sealed specimens across ancient Gandhāra, Kapiśa, and peninsular India. By cross-referencing internal and external source data logged within Researcher's note and the structural indices of Internal Data, this study maps thirty-two distinct diagnostic settings. These settings span from the high-status imperial foundations of the Taxila Valley to the submerged monastic infrastructure of ancient Vijayapuri. Through an objective analysis of nested reliquary systems, stratigraphic ash layers denoting ancient disruptions, and synchronous coin hoards (including Kushan gold issues and Roman imperial aurei), the monograph provides a rigorous probabilistic historical assessment of early human custodianship networks. Linguistic and paleographic calibrations of text-bearing stone and metal substrates, registered under Private Research Note, confirm that these specimens were historically identified and venerated as tooth relics (danta) by their original sovereign and monastic…

Thai researchers

public-health70IMPACT SIGNAL

The Relationship Between Governance Accounting Practices and Risk Management among Non-Governmental Organizations in Kajiado County, Kenya

Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) operate in increasingly complex environments characterized by donor dependency, accountability pressures, financial uncertainty, and operational risks, making effective governance and risk management essential for organizational sustainability. Governance accounting practices such as board oversight, internal audit, compliance monitoring, transparency, and accountability structures are expected to strengthen institutional control and support risk management. However, empirical evidence on the relationship between governance accounting and risk management within NGOs in Kenya remains limited. This study examined the relationship between governance accounting practices and risk management among NGOs in Kajiado County, Kenya. A cross-sectional mixed-methods design was adopted, involving 93 respondents drawn from registered NGOs through a census approach. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and key informant interviews and analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and simple linear regression, alongside thematic analysis of qualitative data. The descriptive findings indicated high levels of governance accounting adoption among NGOs, particularly in relation to internal audits and financial controls (M = 4.59, SD = 0.56), compliance with statutory and regulatory requirements (M = 4.55, SD = 0.63), and board oversight structures (M = 4.51, SD = 0.56). Correlation analysis revealed a positive but statistically insignificant relationship between governance accounting and risk management (r = 0.186, p = 0.074). Similarly, regression analysis showed that governance accounting had a positive but statistically insignificant relationship with risk management (β = 0.306, p = 0.074), explaining 3.5% of the…

Thai researchers

clinical-medicine70IMPACT SIGNAL

Piloting Noninvasive Pathogen Assessment and Perceptions at the Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia)-Domestic Animal-Human Interface in Nepal

Little is known about pathogens circulating in free-living snow leopards (Panthera uncia) and their implications for both species conservation and local communities in Nepal. The close proximity between snow leopards and domestic animals increases the risk of pathogen spillover and represents a critical knowledge gap that has yet to be explored in Nepal. We conducted a pilot noninvasive health assessment of snow leopards in Nepal by screening for the presence of selected pathogens in snow leopards and livestock inhabiting the same area and having local community members complete a knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire focused on the health of domestic species and opinions on snow leopards. We collected two different sets of fecal samples of domestic animals and putative snow leopards in the Mustang region of Nepal in December 2024. Six scat samples were confirmed to be from snow leopards by using a species-specific PCR. We detected Leptospira spp. in a domesticated horse sample and Escherichia coli and several intestinal parasites, including Eimeria spp., in several livestock species. This study represents a step toward understanding potential pathogen spillover risks between snow leopards, domestic animals, and humans.

Thai researchers

public-health70IMPACT SIGNAL

Influence of the Ratio Between Arabica Coffee Pulp and Green Coffee Bean Extract on Physicochemical, Functional and Nutritional Properties of Instant Coffee Pellet Cube

ABSTRACT Coffee ( Coffea spp. ) is a tropical plant cultivated globally and plays an important role in the economies, livelihoods, and cultures of regions such as Latin America, Africa, and Southeast Asia. However, the part other than coffee beans, estimated at approximately 42 million metric tons, is typically unused. This study aims to evaluate the influence of the ratio between Arabica coffee pulp and green coffee bean aqueous extract, as coffee by-products, on the physicochemical, functional, and nutritional properties of freeze-dried instant coffee pellet cubes. The results show that increasing the ratio of coffee pulp extract can reduce lightness (L*), yellowness (b*), chroma, and hue in instant coffee cube, and also increases bulk density and thermogravimetric value. The coffee pulp extract ratio significantly influences the solubility of the product. As the percentage of coffee pulp extract in the product increased from 20% to 100%, the solubility improved from 38.79% to 52.26% at room temperature and from 83.56% to 87.59% at 60 °C, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the instant coffee cubes decreased from 7.59 to 5.89 mM Fe (II)/g in the FRAP assay and from 6.57 to 3.89 mM/g in the ABTS assay, which is consistent with the observed reduction in total phenolic content, from 778.12 to 657.89 mg GAE, as well as other phytochemicals. However, the addition of coffee pulp extract also improves the nutritional value, particularly protein content, which increased from 6.47% to 11.02%. Overall, the findings support the potential use of coffee pulp as a sustainable and nutrient-rich component for instant coffee production.

Thai researchers

multidisciplinary70IMPACT SIGNAL

Garcinuntones A‒C, three new polyprenylated xanthones with cytotoxic and anti-HIV-1 activities from Garcinia nuntasaenii

Three previously undescribed polyprenylated xanthone derivatives named garcinuntones A‒C (1 − 3), together with fifteen known compounds (4 − 18) were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Garcinia nuntasaenii Ngerns. & Suddee (Clusiaceae). Their structures were determined by analysis of their physical and spectroscopic data and by comparison with those of related compounds reported in the literature. The absolute configuration of garcinuntone B (2) was established by single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis using Cu Kα radiation data. Cytotoxic activity against several cancer cell lines (P-388, KB, HT-29, MCF-7, A549, and ASK) and anti-HIV-1 activity using syncytium inhibition and anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase assays of some isolated compounds were evaluated. Garcinuntone B exhibited cytotoxicity against some tested cell lines with IC50 values in the range of 4.82 to 6.92 μM. In anti-HIV-1 assays, garcinuntone B demonstrated selective activity against the reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme, showing an IC50 of 23.61 µM, while it proved to be toxic to the host cell line in the syncytium inhibition assay. In addition, the binding affinity of garcinuntone B to HIV-1 RT was assessed through molecular docking study. Like other non-nucleoside RT inhibitors, garcinuntone B showed stable number of contacts with the binding residues in the binding pocket of HIV-1 RT enzyme.

Thai researchers

multidisciplinary70IMPACT SIGNAL

Thermal processing under mild acidic conditions modulates metabolite profile and emulsifying functionality of Moringa oleifera leaf proteins

This study investigated the effects of thermal treatment (30, 55, and 85 °C) under mild acidic conditions (pH 4.5) during protein precipitation on structural characteristics, emulsifying properties, metabolite profile and protein composition of Moringa leaf protein (MoLP) from two cultivars (local Thai and PKM-1). Moderate heating at 55 °C resulted in the highest protein recovery, reaching 4.59% and 2.47% for Thai and PKM-1 cultivars, respectively. In contrast, treatment at 85 °C reduced protein content to 54.8% and 50.1%. Structural analyses indicated heat-induced unfolding, thiol–disulfide rearrangement, decreased thermal stability, and increased β-sheet formation, indicating protein aggregation. SDS-PAGE further confirmed protein alterations, particularly affecting RuBisCO-associated proteins. LC–MS/MS analysis demonstrated selective proteomic remodeling, with retention of metabolic enzymes and enrichment of stress-related proteins, whereas thermolabile photosynthetic proteins declined after heating. Metabolomic analysis showed cultivar-dependent responses, with PKM-1 exhibiting greater thermal resilience. Heat treatment at 55 °C substantially improved emulsion stability, increasing from 20 to 86 min in local Thai cultivar and from 119 to 208 min in PKM-1 cultivar. Overall, moderate thermal treatment at 55 °C provided the balance between protein recovery, structural integrity, and emulsifying functionality of MoLP, demonstrating the potential of MoLP as plant-based emulsifier.

Thai researchers

public-health70IMPACT SIGNAL

Retirement Readiness and Subjective Well-Being among Section 40 Informal Workers: Evidence from Songkhla Province with Policy Implications for Thailand

This study examines pre-retirement planning needs among informal-sector workers enrolled in Thailand’s Social Security Fund (SSF) under Section 40 in Songkhla Province. Using a modified priority needs index (PNI), the study assesses proportional gaps between current and desired retirement readiness across six subjective well-being (SWB) domains: (1) security and stability, (2) physical and mental health, (3) life satisfaction, (4) social connectedness, (5) meaning in life, and (6) positive and negative affect. Survey data from 500 participants aged 40–60 reveal that security and stability (PNI = 0.60) and physical and mental health (PNI = 0.44) represent the largest perceived readiness gaps, followed by life satisfaction (PNI = 0.31) and social connectedness (PNI = 0.21). Smaller gaps are observed for meaning in life (PNI = 0.15) and emotional affect (PNI = 0.12). Subgroup analyses indicate that perceived readiness varies systematically by income, education, and gender. Higher-income and better-educated respondents report greater planning engagement but also larger perceived gaps in certain dimensions, suggesting the influence of expectations and awareness on self-assessed readiness. Overall, the findings highlight the limitations of voluntary, contribution-based retirement schemes for informal workers, even among those who are formally insured. By applying a multidimensional well-being framework, this study contributes to international retirement policy discussions on expanding coverage and adequacy for nonstandard workers. The results support integrated interventions that combine financial literacy, flexible savings mechanisms, preventive health planning, and psychosocial support, with implications for both middle-income and high-income countries facing challenges in…

Thai researchers

engineering70IMPACT SIGNAL

Experimental and CFD-DPM analysis of Dean-number-dependent secondary flows and particle transport in bifurcating Y-junction ducts

Curvature-induced secondary flows in bifurcating conduits govern cross-stream transport, vorticity amplification, and particle residence, with direct relevance to vascular-like and engineered flow systems. This study presents a combined experimental–numerical framework to quantify Dean-number-dependent secondary flows and particle transport in carotid-like Y-junction geometries. Dye-front visualisation in a straight pipe was employed to validate a Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Phase Model (CFD-DPM) framework and identify an appropriate representative particle scale. Among particle diameters of 1, 7, and 15 µm, the 7 µm particles showed the closest experimental–numerical agreement, with a discrepancy of approximately 1.7%, and were therefore selected as a blood-cell-scale tracer reference. Secondary flow characteristics were quantified using swirling-strength and vorticity-based metrics as functions of branch angle and Dean number. Secondary vortices were absent below Dean numbers of approximately 180 and became fully developed between 200 and 250. Increasing the branch angle from 15° to 60° reduced the effective curvature radius from 107 mm to 28 mm and increased the Dean number to nearly 350, resulting in vorticity amplification from 6.8 s⁻¹ to 20.4 s⁻¹. In the 60° junction, pulsatile inflow produced the strongest enhancement of swirling strength. Particle transport exhibited strong scale dependence, with nanoscale particles showing approximately 45% retention under non-Newtonian flow conditions, whereas blood-cell-scale particles remained predominantly advection-driven, with nearly 80% exiting the junction. These findings establish quantitative relationships between bifurcation geometry, Dean-number-controlled secondary flows, and particle transport dynamics…

Thai researchers

BIBLIOGRAPHIC RESEARCH WATCHLIST

Bibliographic research records

Thailand-affiliated bibliographic records. These are not full analyses; they are ordered by Impact Signal and should be verified against the original source.

2,955records

2,955 records

85IMPACT SIGNAL

Multidisciplinary30 Sep 2026

Effectiveness of an Integrated Activity-Based and Tele-Monitoring Intervention on Mental Health Literacy and Resilience among Urban Older Adults in Thailand: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Journal of Health Research

Thailand-affiliated authors: Khunatpakorn Makkabphalanon · Pramote Thangkratok · Jutamast Wongjan · Natchaya Palacheewa
Institutions: Praboromarajchanok Institute Ministry of Public Health · Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Nakhon Ratchasima · Srisavarindhira Thai Red Cross Institute of Nursing

85IMPACT SIGNAL

Multidisciplinary30 Sep 2026

Valorization of polyphenol-rich extracts from Oroxylum indicum (L.) kurz outer stem bark as sustainable textile colourants: Comparison concerns selected GOTS 7.0 colour fastness criteria on effects of six mordants and pre-, meta- and post-mordanting techniques on dyeing properties

Frontiers in Engineering Innovation Research

Thailand-affiliated authors: Siripan Metanawin · Apichart Sonthisombat · Mahamasuhaimi Masae · Sumonman Niamlang · Jantana Sutdaen · Pannarai Rug-ngarn · Orathai Tangsirinaruenart · Tanapak Metanawin · Sarunya Puakpong
Institutions: Rajamangala University of Technology · Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya · King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok · Kasetsart University

85IMPACT SIGNAL

Multidisciplinary30 Sep 2026

Role of Legislation in Occupational Disease Prevention: A Case of Chronic Silicosis with Progressive Massive Fibrosis

THE BANGKOK MEDICAL JOURNAL

Thailand-affiliated authors: Thammarath Thiamsuk · Supakorn Chansaengpetch · Tirathat Virojskulchai · Ekanut Jamsai · Sitthiphon Bunman · Narongpon Dumavibhat
Institutions: Siriraj Hospital · Mahidol University · Chulalongkorn University · Thammasat University

85IMPACT SIGNAL

Environmental Engineering30 Sep 2026

Macroevolutionary dynamics and predictors of tropical rain forest plant diversity

Science Advances

Thailand-affiliated authors: Pasakorn Bunchalee · Tanawat Chaowasku · Anissara Damthongdee · Charan Leeratiwong
Institutions: Mahasarakham University · Chiang Mai University · Prince of Songkla University

85IMPACT SIGNAL

Multidisciplinary30 Sep 2026